Today I shall show you how to upgrade your Drupal web application to latest stable version.
It is strongly recommended that you always keep your Drupal site up to date with the very latest minor release available, to remove known security vulnerabilities and existing bugs.
How to find out that our Drupal site needed to be updated?
Well, it’s quite simple. Your Drupal installation is smart and notifies you about the new version available at Drupal.org. All you need to do is to check the status report of your Drupal application.
To check STARUS REPORT login as Super User ( the user uame you selected during installation).
Then go to Administer-Reports-Status report.
If your Drupal installation is not upto date then you would notice some alerts like the following
You can notice the current version of Drupal is 6.16 and Drupal is showing that it’s not secure to continue with this installation. Further, it is also indicating the version needed to installed, in this case the most recent version is 6.20.
Backing up the current installation
The first thing we need to do before patching Drupal is to take the site off-line. It’s a Drupal utility. You can find this utility under site configuration - site maintenance. Now select off-line button and save configuration. You have to login as a super-user to do so. This is a cool feature of Drupal which shows a message to the visitors that the site is currently under maintenance. For some reason if you need to log out of your Drupal site during patching you can always log back in. To do so write your domain name and then put /user (e.g. www.example.com/user).
It is very important backup the database because should anything go wrong with the database while you are patching Drupal or even modules you can always turn back to your old database. There are several ways to back up the database; I am going to use the most common tool available i.e. phpmyadmin. So, you first have to login to your webhosting control panel. Then go to phpmyadmin utility.
Select the database you wish to backup
(I am using the picture of a live site that is way I have hidden the name of the database for security reason.)
Click on the Export utility.
Now, scroll down to the bottom and save the file out as a default SQL file
We have completed the second step. Now it’s time to backup our additional resources such as custom configuration file, contributed modules and themes, and site's uploaded files. If other files have modifications, such as .htaccess or robots.txt, back those up as well.
Drupal keeps all the custom user configuration and files in a directory called “sites”. So, if we simply copy this directory and keep it in a safe place we are good to go ahead and patch our Drupal installation.
We are done with the archiving of our Drupal site. It’s time to move forward and start the upgrading process.
1. Download the latest and stable Drupal version from Drupal.org. In our case it’s Drupal 6.20.
2. Unpack the new Drupal version in your local computer.
3. Fire up your favorite ftp client, I am using filezilla, and login to your ftp account.
4. Upload all the files and folders to your Drupal installation directory except for sites directory, .htaccess and robots.txt file. [This step is very critical so do it carefully.]
5. We have performed all necessary steps to upgrade our Drupal installation. Now it’s time to check whether our patching was successful or not.
6. To check that head over to the Reports-status report and examine.
7. You would notice that when status reports loads it recognize now that we have Drupal 6.20. That means we have upgraded our Drupal installation successfully.
8. Now run update_0.php by visiting e.g., http://www.example.com/update.php (replace www.example.com with your Drupal installation's domain name and path). This step will update the core database schema to the new Drupal installation.
9. Drupal would prompt you now to follow these instruction of the above image. We have already done these during archiving of our installation. So, you can move forward and continue.
10. Last thing we would want to do is to take our site online. For that, we would go to site maintenance-select online and save configuration.
Well that’s all. You seem to have successfully updated your Drupal core.
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